mysql数据库定时备份脚本

创建一个 shell脚本文件

nano /root/mysql_backup.sh

内容如下：

#!/bin/bash

# 以下配置信息请自己修改
mysql_user="root" #MySQL备份用户
mysql_password="*******" #MySQL备份用户的密码
mysql_host="localhost"
mysql_port="3306"
mysql_charset="utf8" #MySQL编码
backup_db_arr=("s_community_hc" "s_community_tt" "test_s_community" "test_tt") #要备份的数据库名称，多个用空格分开隔开 如("db1" "db2" "db3")
backup_location=/data/backup  #备份数据存放位置，末尾请不要带"/",此项可以保持默认，程序会自动创建文件夹
expire_backup_delete="ON" #是否开启过期备份删除 ON为开启 OFF为关闭
expire_days=60 #过期时间天数 默认为三天，此项只有在expire_backup_delete开启时有效

# 本行开始以下不需要修改
backup_time=`date +%Y%m%d%H%M`  #定义备份详细时间
backup_Ymd=`date +%Y-%m-%d` #定义备份目录中的年月日时间
backup_3ago=`date -d '3 days ago' +%Y-%m-%d` #3天之前的日期
backup_dir=$backup_location/$backup_Ymd  #备份文件夹全路径
welcome_msg="Welcome to use MySQL backup tools!" #欢迎语

# 判断MYSQL是否启动,mysql没有启动则备份退出
mysql_ps=`ps -ef |grep mysql |wc -l`
mysql_listen=`netstat -an |grep LISTEN |grep $mysql_port|wc -l`
if [ [$mysql_ps == 0] -o [$mysql_listen == 0] ]; then
        echo "ERROR:MySQL is not running! backup stop!"
        exit
else
        echo $welcome_msg
fi

# 连接到mysql数据库，无法连接则备份退出
mysql -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password <<end
use mysql;
select host,user from user where user='root' and host='localhost';
exit
end

flag=`echo $?`

if [ $flag != "0" ]; then
        echo "ERROR:Can't connect mysql server! backup stop!"
        exit
else
        echo "MySQL connect ok! Please wait......"
        # 判断有没有定义备份的数据库，如果定义则开始备份，否则退出备份
        if [ "$backup_db_arr" != "" ];then
                #dbnames=$(cut -d ',' -f1-5 $backup_database)
                #echo "arr is (${backup_db_arr[@]})"
                logId=`mysql -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password -sN -Dmysql_backup -e "INSERT INTO mysql_backup_log (mysql_host, start_time,  host) VALUES ('127.0.0.1', now(),  '127.0.0.1');SELECT LAST_INSERT_ID();"`

                for dbname in ${backup_db_arr[@]}
                do
                        echo "database $dbname backup start..."

                        `mkdir -p $backup_dir`
                        `mysqldump -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password $dbname --default-character-set=$mysql_charset | gzip > $backup_dir/$dbname.sql.gz`
                        flag=`echo $?`
                        if [ $flag == "0" ];then
                                echo "database $dbname success backup to $backup_dir/$dbname.sql.gz"
                        else
                                echo "database $dbname backup fail!"
                        fi

                done

                files=`ls $backup_dir|awk 'BEGIN{ret=""}{ret=ret","$0}END{print substr(ret,2)}'`
                mysql -h$mysql_host -P$mysql_port -u$mysql_user -p$mysql_password -sN -Dmysql_backup -e "update mysql_backup_log set end_time=now(),note='${files}' where id=$logId"


        else
                echo "ERROR:No database to backup! backup stop"
                exit
        fi
        # 如果开启了删除过期备份，则进行删除操作
        if [ "$expire_backup_delete" == "ON" -a  "$backup_location" != "" ];then
                 #`find $backup_location/ -type d -o -type f -ctime +$expire_days -exec rm -rf {} \;`
                 `find $backup_location/ -type d -mtime +$expire_days | xargs rm -rf`
                 echo "Expired backup data delete complete!"
        fi
        echo "All database backup success! Thank you!"
        exit
fi

给备份脚加上执行权限（这个很重要）

chmod +x /root/mysql_backup.sh

设定定时任务

crontab -e
#每天4点执行备份脚本
00 04 * * * /root/mysql_backup.sh

创建备份记录库和记录表

create  database mysql_backup

CREATE TABLE `mysql_backup_log` (
  `id` bigint(20) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `mysql_host` varchar(30) NOT NULL,
  `start_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `end_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `host` varchar(30) DEFAULT NULL,
  `note` varchar(255) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ;